For an international connection, plan for at least two to three hours; for a domestic one, about 60 to 90 minutes. Shorter connections can work on one ticket, but they leave no room for a delay. Every airport publishes a minimum connection time, and booking sites only sell trips that meet it. Meeting the minimum isn't the same as having a comfortable gap.
What decides how much time you need
- Immigration and customs: if you have to enter the country and re-check bags, allow more time. A connection that stays in the transit area is faster.
- Terminal changes: some airports need a train or a bus between terminals, and security again.
- The first flight's record: evening flights and busy winter routes run late more often than early-morning ones.
- Your own needs: children, a wheelchair or a long walk to a far gate add time.
Tips for a tight connection
- Book both flights on one ticket. The airline then rebooks you for free if the first flight makes you miss the second; on separate tickets it doesn't have to.
- Check the gate and terminal as you land, not at the next screen. Fast connections are won by walking straight to the next gate.
- Keep your boarding pass and passport in hand, and tell the crew if you have a tight connection. They can sometimes help you off first.
- Pack a day bag so you aren't relying on a checked bag arriving in time. Checked bags on one ticket usually follow you, but a short gap can mean the bag arrives later.
When to choose a longer gap
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Common questions
What is the shortest connection I can book?
The airport's minimum connection time, which airlines publish and booking systems enforce. It differs by airport and by whether you change terminals, so there's no single number.
What happens if I miss my connection?
On one ticket, the airline must get you to your destination, normally by rebooking you on the next available flight. On separate tickets you may have to buy a new flight.
Is a long layover safer?
It's safer against delays, but a very long one can be tiring and costly. Four to six hours is a common comfortable range on a long-haul trip.
Sources
Checked November 10, 2026. Rules, prices and opening hours change, so confirm before you travel.